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Socialism has played a significant role in the political and economic history of Hungary. The first socialist political party in Hungary was the Hungarian Social Democratic Party, which was founded in 1890. The party was banned during the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but continued to operate underground and played a key role in the Hungarian Revolution of 1918, which resulted in the establishment of a short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic. After the collapse of this regime, the socialist movement in Hungary was suppressed for much of the interwar period.
After World War II, Hungary was occupied by the Soviet Union and became a communist state. The Hungarian Working People's Party (MDP) was the ruling party, and implemented a number of socialist policies, including land reform, nationalization of industry, and the establishment of a planned economy. This period is known as the "Kádár era," named after János Kádár, who was the leader of the MDP and the country from 1956 to 1988.
After the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe in 1989, Hungary underwent a process of political and economic transformation. The socialist movement in Hungary was divided, with some parties advocating for a continuation of the socialist system and others supporting a move towards a market economy. The Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) was founded in 1989 as a successor to the MDP, and has since become one of the main political parties in the country. It positions itself as a social democratic party and has supported a mix of market-based and interventionist policies.
